![]() Carbonated bottled water is safer than noncarbonated bottled water. For that reason, drink only bottled water or canned or bottled carbonated beverages, wine and beer. Contaminated drinking water is a problem in areas where typhoid fever is common. Carry an alcohol-based hand sanitizer for times when soap and water aren't available. Wash before eating or preparing food and after using the toilet. Frequent hand-washing in hot, soapy water is the best way to control infection. So repeat immunization is needed.īecause the vaccine won't provide complete protection, follow these guidelines when traveling to high-risk areas: The effectiveness of these vaccines wears off over time. One is given orally in four capsules, with one capsule to be taken every other day.One is given as a single shot at least one week before travel.Two vaccines are available in the United States for people age 2 and older. Psychiatric problems, such as delirium, hallucinations and paranoid psychosis.Infection and inflammation of the membranes and fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord, called meningitis.Inflammation of the pancreas, called pancreatitis.Infection of major blood vessels, called mycotic aneurysm.Inflammation of the lining of the heart and valves, called endocarditis.Inflammation of the heart muscle, called myocarditis.These life-threatening complications require immediate medical care. ![]() That can cause severe stomach pain, vomiting and infection throughout the body called sepsis.ĭamage to the intestines can develop in the later part of the illness. This allows the contents of the gut to leak into the body. Typhoid fever also can cause cells in the walls of the small intestine or large bowel to die off. Typhoid fever complications can include damage and bleeding in the intestines. Vaccines can help lower risk of getting typhoid fever. But they can't protect against all cases of illness caused by other strains of salmonella. Vaccines against typhoid fever can provide some protection. But without treatment, there is a small chance of death from typhoid fever complications. Most people who have typhoid fever feel better about a week after they start treatment to kill bacteria, called antibiotics. Close contact with a person who is carrying the salmonella bacteria also can cause typhoid fever. It is a serious health threat, especially for children, in places where it is more common.įood and water with the bacteria in it cause typhoid fever. Places with the highest number of cases or with regular outbreaks are in Africa and South Asia. One example of where typhoid fever is rare is the United States. It also is rare where water is treated to kill germs and where human waste disposal is managed. Typhoid fever is rare in places where few people carry the bacteria. Typhoid fever, also called enteric fever, is caused by salmonella bacteria.
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